If a participant pressed to collect 20 on a trial meant to be a 240 trial, or tried to collect 20 or 40 on a dedicated 280 trial, the participant received the collected amount, thereby reducing the number of punished trials.fMRI data were analyzed using Analysis of Functional Neuroimages software . Single-subject data preprocessing procedures […]
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All predictors were log transformed due to non normality and Z-scored prior to regression entry
Modeling abstinent and non-abstinent remission in all family members with life-time AUD allows for the possibility that abstinent and non-abstinent remitted individuals may have characteristics, such as social responsiveness, that contribute to their ability to remit but that are different from those linked to their development of AUDs. The goals of this study were to […]
FA is a commonly used measure for examining white matter spatial organization and integrity
As shown by the representative experiment depicted in Fig. 3, four peaks of enzyme activity were resolved by MonoQ chromatography , which were all effectively inhibited by BTNP . Multiple peaks of anandamide amidohydrolase activity have been already observed after pa tial purification from pig brain microsomes, but the significance of these putative isoforms is still unknown.The […]
A modified timeline follow-back interview was used to assess drinking behavior in the last 30 days
People with HIV are twice as likely to engage in heavy alcohol use and two to three times more likely to meet criteria for an alcohol use disorder in their lifetime than the general population . Heavy alcohol use not only promotes the transmission of HIV through sexual risk-taking behavior and nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy , but […]
The types of hypokalemic RTAs are differentiated by examining the potential of hydrogen of the patient’s urine
The patient stated she had attempted to stand up from a seated position when she “felt like [she] was going to pass out.” The patient called 911 for assistance. On further discussion, the patient revealed she had experienced one similar episode of weakness earlier in the year, but this had resolved spontaneously and was not […]
Evidence suggests that about 40% of cellular N-acyl PEs are found on the neuronal plasmalemma
These indications are relevant, but they are open nevertheless to several possible objections. For example, although endogenous cannabimimetic compounds exist, it is conceivable that they may never engage cannabinoid receptors under physiological conditions. Indeed, if these receptors were constitutively active in the absence of agonist, as suggested by studies with heterologous expression models , there […]
We abstracted EHR data to examine appointment adherence as a proxy for engagement in care
For participants who consented to having data abstracted from their electronic health record , we abstracted HIV viral load and CD4 counts. Data were abstracted only if the person had had a test within the past year, and the most recent test result was used. Viral load was dichotomized as detectable or undetectable . For […]
EI has been known to cause a spectrum of neuropsychological and psychiatric disorders
Participants returned for follow-up measures and cotinine testing 6 and 12 months after baseline. Study incentives were $30 for the baseline, $35 for the 6-month, and $40 for the 12-month follow-up visits.Cessation information and local treatment options were provided. The research design and study procedures were approved by the University of California, San Francisco Institutional […]
People with problematic substance use may also be at elevated risk for depressive symptoms
Ethnicity or ethnic identity is not some immutable sense of one’s identity but rather something produced through the performance of socially and culturally determined boundaries . Hence, individuals are not passive recipients of acquired cultures but instead active agents who constantly construct and negotiate their ethnic identities within given social structural conditions . In spite […]
The majority of current vapers reported that the vapes they used contained nicotine
Therefore, buprenorphine use could not be included as part of the inclusion criteria for the “picking up medications” outcome. Eighth, the outcome assessed in this study was self-reported service avoidance; self-report may not be reliable, or subject to differences in interpretation of the question. Finally, no hypothesis was specified a priori about which risk factors […]