For participants who consented to having data abstracted from their electronic health record , we abstracted HIV viral load and CD4 counts. Data were abstracted only if the person had had a test within the past year, and the most recent test result was used. Viral load was dichotomized as detectable or undetectable . For […]
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EI has been known to cause a spectrum of neuropsychological and psychiatric disorders
Participants returned for follow-up measures and cotinine testing 6 and 12 months after baseline. Study incentives were $30 for the baseline, $35 for the 6-month, and $40 for the 12-month follow-up visits.Cessation information and local treatment options were provided. The research design and study procedures were approved by the University of California, San Francisco Institutional […]
People with problematic substance use may also be at elevated risk for depressive symptoms
Ethnicity or ethnic identity is not some immutable sense of one’s identity but rather something produced through the performance of socially and culturally determined boundaries . Hence, individuals are not passive recipients of acquired cultures but instead active agents who constantly construct and negotiate their ethnic identities within given social structural conditions . In spite […]
The majority of current vapers reported that the vapes they used contained nicotine
Therefore, buprenorphine use could not be included as part of the inclusion criteria for the “picking up medications” outcome. Eighth, the outcome assessed in this study was self-reported service avoidance; self-report may not be reliable, or subject to differences in interpretation of the question. Finally, no hypothesis was specified a priori about which risk factors […]
We saw clear evidence that physical community can improve a WLHIV’s health behaviors
These guides were designed to help us understand any changes in our variables of interest and how they influenced self-management behaviors.Data analysis of the qualitative and quantitative data occurred at the same time, but were not integrated until both types of data were analyzed. In analyzing the quantitative data, we first assessed the distribution of […]
Episodes of cutting may be situational or habitual
Having examined the cutting experience of six among the 27 youths who narrated cutting and/or self-harm, it is evident that each has a highly distinctive profile while often invoking common themes of family relations and bodily experience, and we shall elaborate shortly a characteristic problematic of agency. Are these youths typical in any way, and if so […]
There are multiple risk factors for development of CDI other than antibiotic exposure
While this supports provider concerns over an increase in antibiotic utilization, hospital CDI rates actually decreased by a mean of 5.5 nosocomial infections per 10,000 patient hours during the study period. Although some practitioners may feel some relief knowing that this study failed to find a CDI epidemic as the result of an overall protocol […]
The ARVU activities logged into the Google form also fed directly into the dashboard for display
Based on this feedback, the baseline education expectations were revised to include completion of a percentage of resident post-shift assessments over the academic year, inversely proportional to a faculty member’s clinical load. During the first year , the requirements included only conference and module participation.Table 1 lists the final baseline education expectations required of faculty members. […]
A major theme in our interviews was the importance of interpretation services
Study team members included the following: an emergency physician and investigator with expertise in qualitative methodology ; an internal medicine physician with many years of experience working at the refugee clinic ; a third-year emergency medicine resident with three years of experience working bimonthly at the refugee clinic ; a second-year EM resident with no […]
Cigarette demand is also related to psychiatric conditions among smokers
Different vulnerabilities may interact to influence experiences of the pandemic. All participants were enrolled in a clinical trial, were not experiencing severe medical problems from their substance use, owned smartphones, and were proficient in English. Hence, findings may not generalize to more impoverished, medically complicated, or diverse groups. Future research into pandemic-related stressors and substance […]